You can find this logo on Windows 7/8.x/10 by opening Internet Explorer, clicking the settings icon, and clicking 'About Internet Explorer'. This is used as a secondary logo on Windows 7/10. This is used as a primary logo on Windows 8.x. Notice that this logo also looks a lot like the 1997 logo, which used to be flat 2D.
Also used on Windows Phone since Internet Explorer 9.
This logo is used for the Metro/Modern UI style version of Internet Explorer 10 and 11 on Windows 8.x and Windows RT.